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	<title>Comments for Teaching Sapiens</title>
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	<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com</link>
	<description>Thoughts on teaching biology</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Tue, 21 Aug 2012 21:31:13 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by Charlie Lawrence</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-208</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Charlie Lawrence]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Aug 2012 21:31:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-208</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As has been mentioned, the &quot;soul&quot; is a conceptual figment.  I&#039;ve tried to start with the &quot;sense of self&quot; but that&#039;s somewhere around 2-1/2 to three yo.  So, that can&#039;t be the beginning.  Next, I try the approach of brain waves; i.e., at what point can we measure what kind of waves?  And what information does that give us.  I&#039;ve come to understand that alpha, delta and theta waves are present according to different mind states.  Which of these states would a theocrat agree that life is viable or that a soul is present?  Isn&#039;t this part of the old argument that life begins somewhere around 5 mos of pregnancy?  I&#039;ve really enjoyed this discussion.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As has been mentioned, the &#8220;soul&#8221; is a conceptual figment.  I&#8217;ve tried to start with the &#8220;sense of self&#8221; but that&#8217;s somewhere around 2-1/2 to three yo.  So, that can&#8217;t be the beginning.  Next, I try the approach of brain waves; i.e., at what point can we measure what kind of waves?  And what information does that give us.  I&#8217;ve come to understand that alpha, delta and theta waves are present according to different mind states.  Which of these states would a theocrat agree that life is viable or that a soul is present?  Isn&#8217;t this part of the old argument that life begins somewhere around 5 mos of pregnancy?  I&#8217;ve really enjoyed this discussion.</p>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by Russell C. Crawford</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-176</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Russell C. Crawford]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2012 01:27:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-176</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have been working on a number of biological laws that resolve the issue of when life begins.

For example the &quot;Law of New Life&quot; states that all new life begins with old DNA. Of course the importance of the law lies in the fact that nothing new is brought into the new life. The DNA of the old life contains all the information that is needed to control the formation of the new life. All information that is required to form the new life is brought into the new life by the old DNA.

And the &quot;Law of Life&quot; states that it is impossible to tell if a new life will live through birth. The first corollary of that law is that it is impossible to tell if the new life has enough human DNA for it to live as a human. So this law makes it clear that we cannot tell if the life is alive or human until it is born.

And the &quot;Law of Conception&quot; says that most new human life dies before birth. The importance of this law is that it makes it clear that at conception there is not the creation of live, but the process of death. For example a living egg and sperm are brought into the conceptus and most often they die. It is not life at conception, but death. 
http://www.naturalabortionlaw.com
http://www.facebook.com/naturalabortionlaw]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have been working on a number of biological laws that resolve the issue of when life begins.</p>
<p>For example the &#8220;Law of New Life&#8221; states that all new life begins with old DNA. Of course the importance of the law lies in the fact that nothing new is brought into the new life. The DNA of the old life contains all the information that is needed to control the formation of the new life. All information that is required to form the new life is brought into the new life by the old DNA.</p>
<p>And the &#8220;Law of Life&#8221; states that it is impossible to tell if a new life will live through birth. The first corollary of that law is that it is impossible to tell if the new life has enough human DNA for it to live as a human. So this law makes it clear that we cannot tell if the life is alive or human until it is born.</p>
<p>And the &#8220;Law of Conception&#8221; says that most new human life dies before birth. The importance of this law is that it makes it clear that at conception there is not the creation of live, but the process of death. For example a living egg and sperm are brought into the conceptus and most often they die. It is not life at conception, but death.<br />
<a href="http://www.naturalabortionlaw.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.naturalabortionlaw.com</a><br />
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/naturalabortionlaw" rel="nofollow">http://www.facebook.com/naturalabortionlaw</a></p>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by Robert Bevins</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-173</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Robert Bevins]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jul 2012 03:47:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-173</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Exactly, its all about cultural language and definitions, and it isn&#039;t like those can change over time. (/sarcasm)]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Exactly, its all about cultural language and definitions, and it isn&#8217;t like those can change over time. (/sarcasm)</p>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by Matthew Mathis</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-172</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Matthew Mathis]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jul 2012 03:20:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-172</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Leaving aside the hard sciences for a bit -- If a soul is a concept of the human qualities of consciousness in intellect and emotion and/or is a term promoted by religion, then life with a soul begins at baptism (a couple of days old for Catholics; puberty-thereabouts for most Protestants).  If soul is just intellect and emotion, life with soul begins when a baby thinks and feels in concert (still somewhere around infancy).  If soul and spirit are synonymous, spirit just means breath, and breath needs lungs, so life begins at birth.  If soul and spirit are more than breath, like some eternal or infinite concept of human consciousness quality, then soul never begins and can&#039;t end, so it&#039;s like a ghost or something and cannot be &quot;aborted&quot; in the first place.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Leaving aside the hard sciences for a bit &#8212; If a soul is a concept of the human qualities of consciousness in intellect and emotion and/or is a term promoted by religion, then life with a soul begins at baptism (a couple of days old for Catholics; puberty-thereabouts for most Protestants).  If soul is just intellect and emotion, life with soul begins when a baby thinks and feels in concert (still somewhere around infancy).  If soul and spirit are synonymous, spirit just means breath, and breath needs lungs, so life begins at birth.  If soul and spirit are more than breath, like some eternal or infinite concept of human consciousness quality, then soul never begins and can&#8217;t end, so it&#8217;s like a ghost or something and cannot be &#8220;aborted&#8221; in the first place.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Science Tidbits for June 21 and 22, 2012 by Robert Bevins</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2012/06/22/science-tidbits-for-june-21-and-22-2012/#comment-149</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Robert Bevins]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Jun 2012 03:25:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=296#comment-149</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[fixd]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>fixd</p>
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		<title>Comment on Science Tidbits for June 21 and 22, 2012 by kyliesturgess</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2012/06/22/science-tidbits-for-june-21-and-22-2012/#comment-147</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[kyliesturgess]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Jun 2012 03:19:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=296#comment-147</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks! Psst, it&#039;s Kylie!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks! Psst, it&#8217;s Kylie!</p>
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		<title>Comment on The Creation “Museum” by Robert Bevins</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2009/08/17/the-creation-%e2%80%9cmuseum%e2%80%9d/#comment-142</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Robert Bevins]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jun 2012 00:24:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=13#comment-142</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;m sure there are _some_ Australians that have a bit of the ol&#039; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Granger&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Thomas Granger&lt;/a&gt; in them, but Ham is just proof that if you say something that reassures people, you can get them to send you money. (and if somebody says something bad about you, you can try to get them fired!)]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m sure there are _some_ Australians that have a bit of the ol&#8217; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Granger" rel="nofollow">Thomas Granger</a> in them, but Ham is just proof that if you say something that reassures people, you can get them to send you money. (and if somebody says something bad about you, you can try to get them fired!)</p>
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		<title>Comment on The Creation “Museum” by Gerry</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2009/08/17/the-creation-%e2%80%9cmuseum%e2%80%9d/#comment-141</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Gerry]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jun 2012 21:07:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=13#comment-141</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ken Ham is living proof that Australians hump sheep!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ken Ham is living proof that Australians hump sheep!</p>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by RIcardo Barrera</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-134</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[RIcardo Barrera]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Dec 2011 04:54:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-134</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Perhaps I did not go into enough detail regarding the flat worm example.

Yes we now have 2 worms.  But the question was which is the original?

Two new worms, really?  If instead of allowing both halves to regenerate I were to immediately destroy one half after cutting the worm in two.  Would you not now say that the one half that remained and regenerated the missing half was the original?

Certainly you would not say in the case of a lizard that lost a tail and grew a new one was not the original lizard but a new one.

Let us take monozygotic twins as an example.  According to the life begins at conception &quot;theory&quot; when the egg was fertilized a human came into existence. Perhaps a soul was Fedex&#039;d into the zygote.  But something goes wrong with the replication process and the zygote splits into two that now grows to become two separate &quot;organisms&quot; which half gets the soul?  Or is another soul sent to the same address?  Maybe they share the soul.  Half a soul, half a human?  Perhaps they time share?

A fertilized zygote can be split and split and split each split creating a new &quot;organism.&quot;  If an organisms life began at conception then how do we end up with multiples post conception?

It has been demonstrated that DNA belonging to one species can be introduced into the egg of another.

What happens if we were to take human DNA and place it into the egg of a chimpanzee or gorilla and implanted that egg into the egg donor and allowed it to come to term.  Is the child a human or a chimp or gorilla?

Now suppose prior to placing it in the egg we removed the DNA we have in common and replaced it with DNA from the donor mother is it a human?  The offspring would be indistinguishable from a &quot;human.&quot; Does the 5 or 6% difference hide the human?

Is that where the soul resides?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Perhaps I did not go into enough detail regarding the flat worm example.</p>
<p>Yes we now have 2 worms.  But the question was which is the original?</p>
<p>Two new worms, really?  If instead of allowing both halves to regenerate I were to immediately destroy one half after cutting the worm in two.  Would you not now say that the one half that remained and regenerated the missing half was the original?</p>
<p>Certainly you would not say in the case of a lizard that lost a tail and grew a new one was not the original lizard but a new one.</p>
<p>Let us take monozygotic twins as an example.  According to the life begins at conception &#8220;theory&#8221; when the egg was fertilized a human came into existence. Perhaps a soul was Fedex&#8217;d into the zygote.  But something goes wrong with the replication process and the zygote splits into two that now grows to become two separate &#8220;organisms&#8221; which half gets the soul?  Or is another soul sent to the same address?  Maybe they share the soul.  Half a soul, half a human?  Perhaps they time share?</p>
<p>A fertilized zygote can be split and split and split each split creating a new &#8220;organism.&#8221;  If an organisms life began at conception then how do we end up with multiples post conception?</p>
<p>It has been demonstrated that DNA belonging to one species can be introduced into the egg of another.</p>
<p>What happens if we were to take human DNA and place it into the egg of a chimpanzee or gorilla and implanted that egg into the egg donor and allowed it to come to term.  Is the child a human or a chimp or gorilla?</p>
<p>Now suppose prior to placing it in the egg we removed the DNA we have in common and replaced it with DNA from the donor mother is it a human?  The offspring would be indistinguishable from a &#8220;human.&#8221; Does the 5 or 6% difference hide the human?</p>
<p>Is that where the soul resides?</p>
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		<title>Comment on When does life begin? A scientific perspective by RIcardo Barrera</title>
		<link>http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/2010/10/11/when-does-life-begin-a-scientific-perspective/#comment-133</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[RIcardo Barrera]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Dec 2011 23:55:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://teachingsapiens.wordpress.com/?p=94#comment-133</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[No, cognition is not necessary to being an organism.  But it is the emergence of cognition that makes a &quot;human&quot;.

Humanness is a subjective not a biological question.

This changes according to social-political beliefs.

i.e. A slave was determined to be 2/3 of a human.
American-indians were at times argued to not be human.

People are arguing for human rights to be extended to whales.

The fertilized egg bears no quality that makes it human other than it&#039;s DNA.  But all of ones cells contain ones DNA.  Are all our cells human organisms? They are all capable of producing individuals through cloning.

A chimpanzee has DNA that is more than 95% identical to a human so is a chimpanzee 95% human?  That is much better than a slaves 66.66%

The definition of what is life is evolving as we get a better idea of what is possible.  But it is still not settled.

What is human is a question that is far from being understood.  The human genome project mapped a particular sequence.  Are we more or less human by the degree to which we deviate from that sequence?  No two people are going to have identical sequences even identical twins will have different mutations.

Miscarriages often result from mangled genetics are these human if only 95% of the DNA is uncorrupted?  Suppose that only the 95% we share with chimpanzees are the uncorrupted genes, is the miscarriage both chimpanzee and human?

Is a siamese twin one or two organisms?  The use of the term organism is one of convenience.  In order to understand concepts we use categories and nomenclature to make things intelligible to one and other but the naming has no effect on what it is we are naming.  

 Arbitrary cut off points for the beginning of one organisms existence are just that arbitrary.  The growth of a human being is like the evolution of life where one may pick an arbitrary point but on either side of the continuum there is no special moment that makes all things different.

After 7 years or there about all cells within our body have been replaced, but we are the sum of those cells so after 7 years are we a different organism?  A different person?  Am I the same person today that I was yesterday?  Or am I a different person?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>No, cognition is not necessary to being an organism.  But it is the emergence of cognition that makes a &#8220;human&#8221;.</p>
<p>Humanness is a subjective not a biological question.</p>
<p>This changes according to social-political beliefs.</p>
<p>i.e. A slave was determined to be 2/3 of a human.<br />
American-indians were at times argued to not be human.</p>
<p>People are arguing for human rights to be extended to whales.</p>
<p>The fertilized egg bears no quality that makes it human other than it&#8217;s DNA.  But all of ones cells contain ones DNA.  Are all our cells human organisms? They are all capable of producing individuals through cloning.</p>
<p>A chimpanzee has DNA that is more than 95% identical to a human so is a chimpanzee 95% human?  That is much better than a slaves 66.66%</p>
<p>The definition of what is life is evolving as we get a better idea of what is possible.  But it is still not settled.</p>
<p>What is human is a question that is far from being understood.  The human genome project mapped a particular sequence.  Are we more or less human by the degree to which we deviate from that sequence?  No two people are going to have identical sequences even identical twins will have different mutations.</p>
<p>Miscarriages often result from mangled genetics are these human if only 95% of the DNA is uncorrupted?  Suppose that only the 95% we share with chimpanzees are the uncorrupted genes, is the miscarriage both chimpanzee and human?</p>
<p>Is a siamese twin one or two organisms?  The use of the term organism is one of convenience.  In order to understand concepts we use categories and nomenclature to make things intelligible to one and other but the naming has no effect on what it is we are naming.  </p>
<p> Arbitrary cut off points for the beginning of one organisms existence are just that arbitrary.  The growth of a human being is like the evolution of life where one may pick an arbitrary point but on either side of the continuum there is no special moment that makes all things different.</p>
<p>After 7 years or there about all cells within our body have been replaced, but we are the sum of those cells so after 7 years are we a different organism?  A different person?  Am I the same person today that I was yesterday?  Or am I a different person?</p>
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